Which side effect is characterized by hair loss during chemotherapy treatment?

Alopecia is the term specifically used to describe hair loss, which is a common side effect experienced by many patients undergoing chemotherapy. This occurs because chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cells, which include not only cancer cells but also other normal cells that have a high turnover rate, such as hair follicle cells. The destruction of these cells leads to hair loss not only on the scalp but potentially on other areas of the body as well.

In contrast, mucositis refers to inflammation of the mucous membranes, which can cause ulceration and pain in the mouth and digestive tract. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, leading to an increased risk of bleeding, while anemia involves a decrease in red blood cells, resulting in fatigue and weakness. Each of these side effects has distinct characteristics and implications for patient care, highlighting the importance of understanding the range of potential effects of chemotherapy treatment.