What is the significance of tumor markers in cancer diagnosis?

Tumor markers play a significant role in cancer diagnosis as they help indicate the presence of malignancy. These substances, which can be proteins or other molecules produced by cancer cells or by the body in response to cancer, can often be detected in blood, urine, or tissue.

When elevated levels of tumor markers are found, they can suggest that cancer is present, prompting further diagnostic testing to confirm a diagnosis. While tumor markers are not exclusively used as diagnostic tools — they might not be definitive on their own — their presence can guide clinicians in understanding whether cancer is likely and what type might be involved. Furthermore, specific markers can be associated with certain cancers, aiding in both the diagnostic process and in monitoring treatment response.

In summary, the significance of tumor markers lies in their ability to contribute meaningful information regarding the presence of malignancy, thus supporting oncologists in decision-making and patient management.