What is the primary purpose of genetic counseling in oncology?

The primary purpose of genetic counseling in oncology is to help patients understand their risk of hereditary cancers. Genetic counselors assess a patient’s personal and family history of cancer to determine the likelihood that they carry genetic mutations that could increase their risk for certain types of cancers. This information is crucial for guiding screening, prevention strategies, and treatment options tailored to the individual’s risk profile.

Additionally, understanding hereditary cancer risks allows patients and their families to make informed decisions regarding their health. Genetic counseling can also provide education about the implications of genetic test results, potential life changes, and the options available for risk management, such as enhanced surveillance or preventive surgeries.

While offering emotional support during treatment is important, that is not the main focus of genetic counseling. Similarly, coordinating chemotherapy scheduling and advising on nutrition are related to patient care but fall outside the specific scope of genetic counseling in oncology. Instead, genetic counselors provide critical insights that empower patients with knowledge about their heritage and health, leading to more proactive health management.